What does the term "toxin" mean? Louis Pasteur did not yet know when he identified bacteria as the cause of putrefaction in 1880. In his review article entitled "From Bacterial Poisons to Toxins: The Early Works of Pasteurians" published on November 3, Jean-Marc Cavaillon, Honorary Professor at the Institut Pasteur, offers a retrospective of the discoveries made by Pasteurians that have shaped our understanding of bacterial toxins.

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